In 1989, Neelkanth Ganjoo, the judge who had sentenced the JLKF's Maqbool Bhat to death, was killed in a market near the Srinagar High Court in broad daylight. He asked Kashmiri Muslims to make Pandits feel more secure. It laid down measures for the integration of Jammu and Kashmir to India, ensuring that it will continue to be governed under Article 370 of the Constitution, which gave the state an autonomous status as a constituent of India. Learn More. It is an undeniable fact that the same sentiments that led to the ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Hindus are very much alive and thriving today. In order to get out of blame, Chief Minister Farookh Abdullah and Mufti Mohammad Sayeed convinced Prime Minister V.P. Rubaiya was the daughter of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, then the Home minister of India in the Janata Dal government led by V. P. Singh. The Pandits insist that they will return to the Valley only when they are able to determine that the situation is conducive to their safety. Because the truth is worth it.). The exodus of people from Kashmir Valley began only after then Jammu and Kashmir governor Jagmohan asked them, especially Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs, to This article is protected. Sun hid behind the clouds and the darkness found its way throughout the daylight. However, Zulju was probably not a Muslim. How the international community views the India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir has changed as well. In the lead-up to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment. Several migrant organisations like Panun Kashmir, Global Kashmiri Pandit Diaspora (GKPD), Kashmir Pandit Sabha (KPS), Youth All India Kashmiri Samaj (YAIKS), Save Sharda Committee (SSC) and All State Kashmiri Pandit Conference (ASKPC) held programmes on the day of 19 January to observe Holocaust Day and to pay tributes to the victims and to reaffirm commitment to the cause of the Kashmiri Pandits. The texts also refer to both sexes using cosmetics, and to the women adopting elaborate hairstyles. The killings of innocent natives and ethnic cleansing of the Kashmiri Pandits must be seen in the context of the deeper intent to secure the secession of Jammu and Kashmir. Tens of thousands of Kashmiris and Indian security personnel have lost their As the Kashmiri Pandits are enduring an uncertain and troubled time, let us take a look at their history and other important details. In many cases, their properties were either immediately vandalised or sold quickly by the owners to Kashmiri Muslims. Despite international sanctions, shipments of aviation fuel continue to reach the country, according to a new report. ad lite Experience $ 19.99 $ 19.99 /year. While India would like the current phase of stability at the LoC to continue, it has little incentive to try to make a grand gesture toward peace with Pakistan. Get briefed on the story of the week, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific. In 1986, as opposition to the Shah government grew, Rajiv Gandhi resurrected Farooq Abdullah, who became CM once again. The LG administration and the central government are primarily concerned with addressing security problems. The blatant electoral engineering, which disillusioned many Kashmiri youth, became a watershed event in Kashmir's political landscape and catalysed further insurgency. Kashmiri Pandits maintain that they were driven out of the Valley by the Muslims. 30 years after they were forced to flee, the return of Hindu Pandits to the Kashmir Valley remains a distant dream. It is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation," he said. It was evident that Kashmiri Muslims wanted us to leave the Valley, Ashok Dhar, who left Baramulla for Jammu on February 2, 1990, told The Diplomat. .. Advertisement .. Rajiv Gandhi Urged VP Singh Government To Stop Exodus Of Hindus From Kashmir: Congress, "Eknath Shinde Could Not Have Become Chief Minister If": Supreme Court, "If Manish Sisodia Joins BJP Today": Arvind Kejriwal Targets PM Modi, "Playing For Country": Gavaskar Blasts Gill For Calling Physio Mid-Over, In Telangana Death By Suicide, Student's Heart-Breaking Apology To Mother, Nithyananda's 'Republic Of Kailasa' At UN Meet. Indeed, Kashmiri Muslims have borne the brunt of the violence unleashed by Pakistan-backed militants and Indian security forces. Us, Write Many scholars and media houses have compared the genocide with that of Holocaust. [46] As of 2016, a total of 1,800 Kashmiri Pandit youths have returned to the valley since the announcing of Rs. Agnihotri's rendition of the exodus, which claims that it is "based on true stories," however, makes a few glaring deviations from the facts known about the genocide of Kashmiri Pandits. kashmiri pandit man Latest Breaking News, Pictures, Videos, and Special Reports from The Economic Times. It has been a long time since somebody has edited this article and is pending for moderation. Kashmiri Pandit Exodus 2022: I dont see myself going back to Valley again A number of Pandits working in Kashmir under the prime minister employment scheme have left the Valley after some of them were selectively targeted and killed by terrorists Samriddhi Sakunia June 19, 2022 07:04:54 IST [41], In 2010, the Government of Jammu and Kashmir noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. WebGet latest News Information, Articles on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard Updated on July 26, 2022 14:19 with exclusive Pictures, photos & videos on Kashmiri Pandit Atm Guard at Latestly.com - Page 2 The Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah In agreement with the Central government accepted their demands and freed the jailed terrorists. Armed militants, dressed in army fatigues, infiltrated a colony of Kashmiri Pandits in Pulwama's Nadimarg on 23 March 2003. WebMaybe. Threats from Islamist militants in the Valley forced around 70,000 Pandit families comprising over 350,000 women, men, and children to flee their homes in the weeks and months that followed. WebThe Jammu and Kashmir Government and Government of India have failed squarely to protect the Kashmiri Pandits against Islamic terrorism. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. 20 per cent of them left the valley as a consequence of the 1950 land reforms,[27] and by 1981 the Pandit population amounted to 5 per cent of the total. A section of Kashmiri Muslim youth was radicalised, armed, and tutored in Islamic fundamentalism. Join us to create the encyclopedia of Indian history Copyright2021 All Rights Reserved by Historical India, Since late 1989, the Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has been in the grip of a vicious movement of Islamist extremist terrorism. WebSrinagar: The latest killing of a Kashmiri Pandit in Pulwama district has revived the climate of insecurity and fear in the Valley, and allegations that the Jammu and Kashmir administration has failed to protect the minority Hindu community. "These terrorists played a role in genocide.nation wants to know," he said. What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? [30] Other authors have suggested a higher figure for the exodus, ranging from the entire population of over 150,000,[31] to 190,000 of a total Pandit population of 200,000,[32] to a number as high as 800,000. Other commentary has pointed to how the government organised transport for fleeing Pandits so that they could get to Jammu. A second, larger wave left in March and April, after more Pandits were killed. Many Pandits celebrated the Indian government move as they believe it will pave the way for their return to the Valley. Yearly Plan. As the numbers arriving in Jammu increased from thousands to tens of thousands over the first few months of 1990, a mostly middle-class community found itself living in tents in squalid, filthy camps far removed from the homes they had left behind. Please take some time to moderate it now! Pandits have generally been in favor of Kashmirs closer integration with India. Click here to subscribe for full access. "There has been continuing lack of engagement by the government of India with the community. That changed in 1989-90. A lot has changed since then but the more things change the more they remain the same. This list included the Kashmiri Pandits, the Nagar Brahmins from Gujarat; the South Indian Brahmins; the Punjabi Khatris, and Kayasthas from northern India; Chitpawans and CKPs (Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhus) from Maharashtra; the Probasi and the Bhadralok Bengalis; the Parsis and the upper crusts of Muslim and Christian communities. I don't see why they won't pull up a Kashmiri Muslim/Pandit from their car or check their house if they suspect anything. It is against the Kashmiri ethos, a Pandit teacher based in Bengaluru said, stressing that exclusive townships and segregated communities would deepen the divide between Pandits and Muslims in the Valley. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [23], D.L. There is an acute realisation in the community that the Valley is no longer the same that they left behind in 1990. openlibrary.org, One of the many camps of Kashmiri Pandit refugees who fled Kashmir Valley during 1990 genocide. A number of such errors mar Agnihotri's film, which has been called out for its communal bias. She writes on South Asian political and security issues. In 2020, Kashmiri became an official language in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.. Kashmiri is closely related to Poguli and Kishtwari, which are spoken in the Those Pandits in service who felt threatened were free to leave their stations; they would continue to be paid salary. In the decades since the Pandit exodus, Kashmir has seen immense bloodshed. Bal Thackeray from Maharashtra got seats reserved in engineering colleges for the children of these Pandits. On January 19, Kashmiri Pandits across the world observed Holocaust Day. It was on that day 30 years ago that the Pandit exodus from the Kashmir Valley began. Subscribe To Our Daily Newsletter And Get News Delivered Straight To Your Inbox. All three subcastes interdine and interteach, but only the Jotish and Krkun subcastes intermarry.[22]. [11][12] Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. [16][17] Mohibbul Hasan describes this collapse as .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, The Dmaras (feudal chiefs) grew powerful, defied royal authority, and by their constant revolts plunged the country into confusion. According to a J&K government report, 219 members of the community had been killed in the region between 1989 and 2004 but none thereafter. Kashmiri Pandits or Kashmiri Brahmins are Hindus. The Genocide of Kashmiri Hindus who are also called Kashmiri Pandits, was seventh ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits by radical Islamists in Kashmir Valley around 1990. The day marks the beginning of the genocide and ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Pandits on a mass scale that ultimately culminated in the complete exodus of the aboriginal indigenous people that represented a civilisation that was more than 5,000 years old. Short answer: Because of carelessness, lack of courage/desire and vote-bank politics of State and Central government. Long Answer: To know the reas WebMaybe. After the initial reaction of shock and awe, I messaged my friend, saying, This is not surprising. While apprehensions over their physical security are an important reason for Pandits not returning to their homes in the Valley, there are other problems too. [17], The Brahmins had something to be particularly unhappy about during the reign of the last Lohara king, for Shadeva chose to include them in his system of onerous taxation, whereas previously they appear to have been exempted. WebNew Delhi: Recalling the dreadful images and horrors of the years that followed post the advent of militancy in Kashmir, Kashmiri Pandits urged the Central government to 'relocate' them to their native lands with respect and dignity and called for unity amongst the 'Kashmiri Pandits'. The revelation that a Chinese surveillance balloon entered the country's airspace earlier this month has been met with a curiously muted government response. However, respect for the Pandits (many of whom were teachers) and a shared Kashmiri identity that held Pandits and Muslims together prevented differences from erupting into conflict. As the BJP continues to promise that Kashmiri Pandits will return, and #HumWapasJayenge trends on social media, Kashmiri Muslims also see the return of Pandits as essential, but reject the idea of their settlement in secured camps as a replication of Israel-like Jewish settlements in the West Bank. Shortly afterwards, Amanullah Khan and Mohammad Maqbool Bhat gave birth to the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) in 1977, whose goal was to work towards the 'liberation' of Kashmir from India and Pakistan. With the support of the Indian National Congress, National Conference leader Sheikh Abdullah formed a government as chief minister in 1975. At that time, Mr Chowdhury said, the then Congress president and Leader of Opposition Rajiv Gandhi had raised his voice against the exodus of people from Kashmir, and asked the then government to stop it "anyhow", warning that people of the country would not accept it. [22], Butshikan's heir, the devout Muslim Zain-ul-Abidin (142374), was tolerant of Hindus to the extent of sanctioning a return to Hinduism of those who had been forcibly converted to the Muslim faith, as well as becoming involved in the restoration of temples. In this exclusive interview, he recalls the events as they truly unfolded and not how they have been over dramatised and presented in the film The Kashmir Files which, he fears, aims Kashmiri Hindus find themselves reliving the fear of the early 1990s amid a wave of targeted killings, but the government is keen to prevent another exodus. [56][57] They were distributed into the two districts of Valley, the Baramulla district, where Hindus constituted 2.1 percent of the population; 12,919 Hindus out of 612,428 total. By then, the Pandits had begun to be targeted. Play an active role in shaping our journalism by becoming a member. Jammu and Kashmir Governor Jagmohan Malhotra, dictated by the Centre, orchestrated the replacement of Abdullah with his brother-in-law Ghulam Shah, who had rebelled against his family and pioneered another faction of the National Conference. Matters came to a head on the night of January 19, 1990. Ripples of the move were seen in Kashmir as well. Speaking at the programme 'Global Kashmiri Pandit Conclave: For instance, it suggests that a threat asking Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley was issued in Al-Safa before the exodus, thereby contributing to the forced migration. What did the government of India do when Kashmiri Pundits were driven away from their homes in Kashmir? Why didt they prevent it? Because they did What is a whip in a state Assembly or Parliament? Vivek Agnihotri's film, The Kashmir Files, explores the tragic history of the Kashmiri Pandit exodus, positing itself as an account of the events that transpired in the Valley in the early 1990s. Journalist-lawyer Prem Nath Bhat was shot dead near his house in Anantnag shortly after. The Jammu & Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) stepped up its activities, and the hanging of the militant leader Maqbool Bhat in 1984 added to the sense of foreboding. The truth, many commentators have concluded, may have been somewhere in the middle. According to accounts published by many eminent Kashmiri Pandits, there were threatening slogans over loudspeakers from mosques, and on the streets. Out of the three, two date back to times before Narendra Modi came to power. Brahmins were at that time generally being offered grants of land in other areas by rulers seeking to utilise the traditionally high literacy and general education of the community, as well as the legitimacy conferred upon them by association. Several Hindu temples and houses were targeted in the city. kashmiri pandit man Blogs, Comments and Archive News on Economictimes.com Agnihotri's rendition then suggests that this was among the factors that contributed to the exodus on 19 January, even though the threat was reported to have been published on 14 April, three months after the night of terror. On 21 January 1990, two days into the governor's rule, the paramilitary troops of the Central Police Reserve Force (CRPF) opened fire on a group of protesting civilians on the Gawkadal bridge in Srinagar, killing about 50 Kashmiri Muslims as per estimates. The Kashmiri Hindu view is that this is a disingenuous interpretation. Tension and killings in various parts of the state are ongoing phenomena. It is high time that drastic measures are taken to redress the situation," he said. However, these offers have failed to elicit much of a response. On May 12, a gunman walked into a government office in central Kashmirs Chadoora town. [29], According to a number of authors, approximately 100,000 of the total Kashmiri Pandit population of 140,000 left the valley during the 1990s. It is 30 years since the exodus from the Valley of its minority Hindu Kashmiri Pandit community. But theres just as much, if not more, tracking in the virtual world.". Swamy's remarks come in the midst of a controversy over the movie 'The Kashmir What is the truth of the 1990s Kashmiri Pandit migration? The crimes committed against the Kashmiri Pandits are, by any yardstick, deserving of the strongest condemnation and there can be no gainsaying the acute The crimes committed against the Kashmiri Pandits are, by any yardstick, deserving of the strongest condemnation and there can be no gainsaying the acute Singh to appoint Jagmohan as the governor of the state. The true story behind Rani Mukherjees latest film Mrs Chatterjee vs Nor How Rohingya issue reached ICJ, what its ruling means for Myanmar, ExplainSpeaking | How to read Q3 growth data. At the minimum level, these terms would include security to life and property and, at a broader level, a consensual rehabilitation scheme.[ref]. WebThe Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). At that time in Central BJP+JD were in power and in J&K JKNC (Farooq Abdullah) was in power. Although Farooq Abdullah was with full majority, he wa [35] The government has reported on the terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region. You are not allowed to edit this article at this level. [71], There are many references to the wearing of jewellery by both sexes, but a significant omission from them is any record of the dejihor worn on the ear by women today as a symbol of their being married. We are a group of patriots who love our motherland - Bharat Mata! ISI-sponsored Pro-Pakistan outfit, Hizbul Mujahideen, was founded in 1989. On January 19, 1990, the Vally witnessed the most gruesome night in the history of the exodus of Kashmiri They were assured that once the massacre in Kashmir was completed and the movement (for self-determination) curbed, they would be sent back to What do we know about him? The deadly attack on security forces in Indian Kashmir has Kashmiris in the rest of India afraid for their safety. [28], They began to leave in much greater numbers in the 1990s during the eruption of militancy, following persecution and threats by radical Islamists and militants. In a contentious move in 1986, the government of then CM Ghulam Shah ordered the construction of a mosque, allegedly at the site of an ancient Hindu temple, at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu. The first such killing of a Kashmiri Pandit leader set the tone of what was to follow. Further, the film shows that Al-Safa carried a threat commanding Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley before the night of the exodus 'Al-Safa, Pandit dafa,' a child holding the newspaper recites in the movie. In response, Abdullah resigned on the same day and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the State Assembly. Congress was in opposition during Kashmir Pandit exodus: Madhya Pradesh ex-CM Digvijaya Singh Waiting for the triple product launch & spec reveal by OnePlus on 28th April? Wherever they live, their memories of events in 1989-90 remain vivid as are their rather idyllic recollections of their lives before their flight from the Valley. WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. Leaders of Jammu and Kashmir knew earlier what was going to happen within few weeks. The KPSS has placed the number of Kashmiri Pandits killed by militants from 1990 to 2011 at 399, the majority during Dr. Sudha Ramachandran is an independent journalist/researcher based in Bangalore, India. An agreement, popularly known as the 1975 Indira-Sheikh Accord, was signed between Kashmiri politician Sheikh Abdullah and then Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi. The rigged election of 1987 after which Abdullah formed the government was a turning point at which militants took the upper hand. Amid great power competition, life in the China-Russia borderlands reveals the paradoxes underpinning the Beijing-Moscow friendship. (At The Quint, we are answerable only to our audience. During the period of One of the deadliest attacks on Kashmiri Pandits in the Valley took place in 2003, more than a decade after the peak of the exodus. Caps were worn, as well as a type of turban referred to as a shirahshata, while footwear consisted of leather shoes and boots, worn with socks. [75], The Kashmiri Pandits are divided into three subcastes: Guru/Bchabat (priests), Jotish (astrologers), and Krkun (who were historically mainly employed by the government). Governor Jagmohan is criticised for not guaranteeing the safety of Kashmiri Pandits fleeing the Valley and for not stopping them with assurance of security. It is an undeniable fact that the same sentiments that led to the ethnic cleansing of Kashmiri Hindus are very much alive and thriving today. Unfortunately, no such appeal came, only an announcement that to ensure the security of Pandits, refugee camps were being set up in every district of the Valley, and Pandits who felt threatened could move to these camps rather than leave the Valley. The 19th of January, 2020 marks the 30th anniversary of the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus from the valley. Politician Mirwaiz Farooq of the All Jammu and Kashmir Awami Action Committee was shot dead by a militant of the Hizbul Mujahideen in 1990. As many as 75,343 Kashmiri Pandits are estimated to have fled in January 1990, with about 70,000 more following till March, as per the Kashmiri Pandit Sangharsh Samiti. Their numbers would swell in the following months. [27][28], In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. Asia, Asia Muslims argue that by arranging for buses to transport Pandits out of the Valley, Jagmohan facilitated their flight, paving the way for the Indian security forces to launch an all-out military offensive against Muslims. Following the communal riots, Governor Jagmohan dismissed the Gul Shah government; Farooq Abdullah was subsequently re-installed as chief minister. Black Day: January 19 is observed as the Holocaust day by the Kashmiri Pandit community. The lead up to the Kashmiri Hindu exodus In 1989, the then J&K Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah had ordered the release of around 70 terrorists between July 4000+ stories. 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To our Daily Newsletter and get News Delivered Straight to Your Inbox that they were forced to,. The Economic Times despite international sanctions, shipments of aviation fuel continue to the... On January 19, 1990 and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the week, and on the same and. Pundits were driven out of blame, chief Minister in 1975 then but the more they the! To follow dead near his house in Anantnag shortly after landscape and catalysed further insurgency watch across the world Holocaust. Then, the return of Hindu Pandits to the Valley matters came a! As well shipments of aviation fuel continue to reach the country 's airspace earlier this month has been with!
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