4,1
The number of sects covered in the work is based on Song of Songs 6:8-9, quoted below in the original Hebrew, and in the English translation from JPS 1917: Epiphanius interpreted the fourscore (80) concubines as sects, who take the name of Christ without being truly matrimonial; the threescore queens as the generations from Adam to Jesus; the one dove as the true wife, the church; and the numberless virgins as all the philosophies unrelated to Christianity.[2]. something, so critique away :). 7:34,
flies, and which mimics the churchs virginity but without a clear
. about the Holy Spirit, developing his topic in detail. But if they are given to a fever patient they seem
Book I, concerned chiefly with Gnostic and Jewish Christian groups, deals with material which is also found in Nag Hammadi and other Gnostic writings and in such patristic authors as Irenaeus, Hippolytus et al, and reproduces documents not available elsewhere. That last point strikes me as correct. In 376 Epiphanius, chief bishop of Cyprus, published, in three Books, an historical encyclopedia of heretical sects, with the arguments, chiefly scriptural, needed to counter them, and called it the Panarion (Medicine Chest). The "Panarion" reflects the character of Epiphanius and his method of working. was created for a workshop held at Saint Andrew's Abbey, Valyermo, California in
. It was written in Koine Greek beginning in 374 or 375, and issued about 3 years later, [2] as a treatise on heresies, with its . Thanks for translating and commenting on the passage! To put it
the savior. Cite this; Text this; Email . For I
Now Hieracas himself really practiced a deep asceticism, but
The first section of the first of the three books contains an account of 20 heretical sects before the time of Jesus; the remaining portion is occupied with the description of 60 sects of Christianity. He is the only one to give us any information concerning the Gothic sect of the Audians (Haer., lxx), as well as the Arabian sect of the Collyridians. Saint Epiphanius (Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus), Rezensionen werden nicht berprft, Google sucht jedoch gezielt nach geflschten Inhalten und entfernt diese, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis, Bcher 1, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I (sects 1-46), Bcher 1 von The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis. Pritz, Nazarene Jewish Christianity, 29. Nasaraeans: Christianity's Inventors. In early Christian heresiology, the Panarion (Koin Greek: , derived from Latin panarium, meaning "bread basket"), to which 16th-century Latin translations gave the name Adversus Haereses (Latin: "Against Heresies"),[1] is the most important of the works of Epiphanius of Salamis. then let us end the deception which is leading astray. This is actually The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Sects 47-80, De Fide Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies Nag Hammadi studies The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Author: Epiphanius: Editor: Frank Williams:. 3.140
. Which of sacred
things he is given. Epiphanius, Panarion 29,7,7-8 For after all those who believed in Christ had generally come to live in Perea, in a city called Pella of the Decapolis of which it is written in the Gospel that it is situated in the neighbourhood of the region of Batanaea and Basanitis, Ebion's preaching originated here after they had moved to this place and had lived there." what says: He intercedes for us with inarticulate
Thus, on his own avowal ( Haer., lxxi), he speaks of Apollinarianism on hearsay. speaks of a resurrection of the dead, but a resurrection of souls,
does he believe in the resurrection by way of the flesh, although he
take on the whole last paragraph. In the sanie way, no one who has fallen away from the truth has been
. [viii] Resisting the embodied agents of Satan in holy warfare had a long history in the corporeal imaginations of Christians. 7:3 "Without mother" because he has no mother. De Fide. Its translation has been found useful by students of Nag Hammadi and Gnosticism, patrologists, historians of religion, church historians, students of Judaism, and the theologically minded public. harmful material from two Testaments, not as the sacred words stand,
Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies 79. At Constantinople, he had to acknowledge to the Origenist monks, whom he opposed, that he was not acquainted with either their school or their books, and that he only spoke from hearsay (Sozomen, Hist. xviii + 696. Gracanica Monastery, Kosovo The Earliest Evidence for Traditions of Mary's Assumption 65-80. As well described by Young and Andrew, the Panarion is indeed a new and particular spectacle of cultural and spiritual warfare. Who does this refer to but . But the words a priest forever refer to his interceding. reason, but rejects them from the hope which he thinks he has. the question, so it can be skipped anyway. His history of heresies, called "Panarion", a medical bag bearing an antidote to false doctrine, was written between 374 and 377. sensible order, as Origen also certainly did not, nor, as I said,
alive'. Second, revised edition. 3.
However, they are a complete laughing-stock because of their
Epiphanius (c. 310 to 402) of Constantia (or Salamis) on Cyprus, founder of the monastery of Eleutheropolis, was one of the great early fighters against heresy.
kingdom of heaven, (Matt. ) But if there is division, how can there be sharing in common where
The Nazarenes believed that there is one God, that Jesus was the Son of God and the Messiah, that there will be a resurrection of the dead, and that both the Old and New Testaments were to be used as Scripture. concerned about how to please the Lord, and so is the virgin; but
. well enough, being of a most keen intelligence. Epiphanius seems to have known and relied upon. (Heb. ) Epiphanius. perhaps he disgorged the doctrine from his own mind.
. Because Epiphanius was on the winning side we have the Panarion entire.
Those associated with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and all
, ; , . [ix] Virginia Burrus, Saving Shame: Martyrs, Saints and Other Abject Subjects (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007), 35, 108. EPIPHANIUS:
support his views, he contrived some absurd and evil fabrications
He composed writings in Greek and
If it was
Epiphanius Constantiensis,. of the Egyptian ascetics were drawn away at once to join him. As an apologist, Epiphanius appeared generally weak to Photius. For he heaped up
EPIPHANIUS was published in Band 1 Ancoratus und Panarion Haer.
In the chapter dealing with the Anomeans (Haer., lxxvi) he has preserved a monograph of Aetius.
As far as I know the earliest account of all . The original text was written in Koine Greek. He died after he had reached old age. Hopefully there are no errors but a number of the diacriticals were chastity and crowned in her virginity. He too teaches that there is no resurrection of the flesh at all,
2:5)
he has kept the rules, all the more those who have not yet been
They were similar to the Hemerobaptists and Ossaeans (Essenes) They were located along the Jordan River, north of Galilee.
. (Sect 79: Against Collyridians) - YouTube Live in 24 hours February 25 at 1:45 PM Epiphanius of Salamis and Frank Williams: Panarion Book 2 and 3. [4] The Panarion is an important source of information on the JewishChristian gospels, the Gospel of the Ebionites, and the Gospel of the Hebrews. N [the number of the heresy].
As the years between 325 and 381 were crucial to the Arian problem which the Council of Nicaea had failed to settle, this is given significant space in the . . I digitized the text myself. reply to the remaining sects, and refute the heresies they
(Heb. "Without father" because he has no father on earth, "but having been made like the . genealogy. (Heb. 9. I think this focus on social and historical multiplicity confirms the recent work of Heidi Wendt concerning the religion of freelance experts (At the Temple Gates. He gained a reputation as a strong defender of orthodoxy. Epiphanius, Saint, Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, approximately 310-403. on them he taught doctrines which he got from his own empty ideas,
"[3] It treats 80 religious sects, either organized groups or philosophies, from the time of Adam to the latter part of the fourth century, detailing their histories, and rebutting their beliefs. with the wood of life, the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ. on to die rest, calling on God himself to aid us, so that we may
etina (cs) Deutsch (de) English (en) Espaol (es) Franais (fr) Hrvatski (hr) . bitter, but because the patients taste imparts bitterness to the
Ascension of Isaiah, where in the so-called Ascension the
Second, revised edition. But this one thing he came to
of Salamis. establish? I have not yet had time to do so. If it
For they are
Panarion (Adversus haereses) , ed. [4] Augustine used them as the basis for his Contra Omnes Haereses, "Against all Heresies".[2]. [vi] Andrew doesnt seem to address this aspect of Epiphanius at all. Sometimes, his intense passion prevents him from inquiring carefully into the doctrines he opposes. perhaps he disgorged the doctrine from his own mind. five sensible (Matt.
Now Hieracas himself really practiced a deep asceticism, but
sanctified by the word of the living God and praver, since all
flesh. In 377 AD, Epiphanius of Salamis wrote the Panarion. the married woman is concerned about pleasing her husband, and she
attack, like a snakes, of Manis teaching, came a man named
things he is given.
But if they say to him: How is it that the apostle says, Marnage is
. things which he considered true and which suggested themselves to
( 3. ) Hierakas the
of Salamis in Cyprus, zealous champion of orthodox faith and monastic piety, was born at Besanduke, a village near Eleutheropolis in Palestine.As in 392, twelve years before his death, he was an aged man, we may conjecturally date his birth between 310 and 320.
conscience seared with an hot iron; and forbidding to marry, and to
Not even Thecla, nor any of the saints, were worshiped. Collecting from the sacred scriptures whatever may to
My friend also mentioned the parallel in John 21:22 about John remaining. are compared to the kingdom of heaven; he did not speak of married
Our current studies of the discursive construction of heresy in ancient Christianity began with Le Boulluec in 1985 (La notion dhrsie dans la literature grecque IIe-III sicles), who via Foucault put new methodological legs under our studies of the polemical portrayal of the varieties of ancient Christian experience. Three Latin versions were published in the 16th and 17th centuries, from writers focused on ecclesiastical interests. Document Type: Book: All Authors / Contributors: Epiphanius, Saint Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus For there are eunuchs who make themselves such for the sake of the
De fide, . . . which he doubtless added astrology and magic. We ought not to honor the saints beyond what is necessary, but to honor their master. This volume is a revised edition of the only modern translation of the whole of Epiphanius' description and refutation of heresies. (, )
Pearson, Birger A. He was impressive in his asceticism and able to persuade souls; many
He transcribes two letters of Arius. Relationship with Roman Religion Early Christianity encountered rivalry from competing Roman systems of religion and 33.)6. One of the fun bits of this is that was first translated into English in the 90s, which corpus core; : the 6 28,035 (1465.8) (1391.018) According to Epiphanius of Salamis in Panarion, there were several key features of the Nasaraeans: They kept the Sabbath, practiced circumcision, and abstained from meat. God. PANARION
. not in the sense of praising marriage after the advent of Christ,
[viii] David Brakke, Demons and the Making of the Monk. It was composed in Constantinople for a Persian priest, in 392. broken the scorpions wings and drawn its powers off. He does not accept children who die before reaching the age of
but only of the soul. 4.
He
), 2.3.
plainly, he memorized the Old and New Testament, and in commenting
Pp. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication-Data Epiphanius, Saint, Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, ca. [v] Averil Cameron, "How to Read Heresiology," Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 33.3 (2003), 475. 1-33 on page 1. The work is divided into three books, with a total of seven volumes. teachings about all of these. people.
It ends with what has since been called De Fide, a short description of the orthodox catholic faith of the Great Church. But if they say to him: How is it that the apostle says, Marnage is
of God, who> remains a priest forever? His work is not only a conflict of intellectual leadership or authority as in Irenaeus or Hippolytus. . For I
Coptic) language - for the man was Egyptian - but also knew Greek
Book I (Sects 1-46). Religious Studies Review , Volume 39 (2) - Jun 1, 2013 Read Article Download PDF . 3.1. is the most plausible interpretation for here. Religious Violence in the Christian Roman Empire (Berkeley: University of California, 2005), 258. be! Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. flies, and which mimics the churchs virginity but without a clear
7:3)
The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis.
can she receive the inheritance from God? N (the number of the heresy). Cor. . Of course, deception and disguise were essential elements of the work of the demons, and the power of the holy man included unmasking and defeating them in whatever form they took.
.
In connection with the Melitians of Egypt (Haer., lxviii), he has preserved important fragments of contemporary Egyptian history of this movement.
the holy ones, Isaiah and Jeremiah, he accepts equally and considers
Combating Heresy: Attending to Violence in Epiphanius' Panarion, At the Temple Gates. But he says, as I explained in the chapter about the Melchizedekian
God. Religious Violence in the Christian Roman Empire, 2005).
With regard to Hieracas (Haer., lxvii), he makes known a curious Egyptian sect by whom asceticism and intellectual work were equally esteemed. He too teaches that there is no resurrection of the flesh at all,
If we pay attention to practices, we can plausibly identify at least two groups in Egypt: the . So (Sect 79: Against Collyridians) as. Epiphanius of Salamis and Frank Williams: Panarion Book 2 and 3. Or she remained.
Those associated with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and all
Collecting from the sacred scriptures whatever may to
. That is the Holy Spirit who speaks in you and in the
Other directions.
is divided. (1
Young has done a fascinating job cataloging the various vipers used by Epiphanius and the means of their dispatch. [iii] Andrew Jacobs, Epiphanius of Cyprus: A Cultural Biography of Late Antiquity, Christianity in Late Antiquity Series (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2016), 129. A partial translation exists in German and another in English (by Philip Amidon). De fide on page 496.
7:3
Epiphanius, monastic founder and bishop of Salamis on Cyprus for almost 40 years of the fourth century, threw heart and soul into the controversies of the time and produced the "Panarion" or "Medicine Chest," an historical encyclopedia of sects and heresies and their refutations. He had a perfect mastery of the Egyptian (i.e
but in the sense of tolerating it, lest they fall into greater ruin. and he immediately continues, remains a priest forever?
(Sect 75: Against Aerius) - YouTube Live stream offline Epiphanius of Salamis and Frank Williams: Panarion Book 2 and 3.. daughter of Pharaoh who adopted Moses but eventually realized some sort of parallel was being not in the sense of praising marriage after the advent of Christ,
But it does show that readers. For this reason, he says, the
things are good and wholesorne, and nothing is abominable with God.. Maybe Epiphanius has this document in mind. , . 7:7.) (3) In the first place, what does God have to swear by but "By myself have I sworn, saith the Lord?" - for "God hath no oath by a greater."'
groans. (Rom. )
This volume, Books II and III of the Panarion, is chiefly concerned with the sects contemporary with him, the Arian, Manichaean and others. 12:14). not crowned unless one competes according to the rules. (. )
. 1,1
But neither was Elijah worshiped, even though he was among the living. For there are eunuchs who make themselves such for the sake of the
7. taken part in the contest. 8.
But as it turns out I dont think it is relevant to For no one knows her end.
Father. and The kingdom of heaven is like ten virgins, five foolish and
showed me and said, `Who is the one on the right hand of God? And I
After this most wicked and venomous of all sects and the savage
3.2.
priest forever. . 25:lf. medicine and the other sciences of the Egyptians and Greeks, to
but in the sense of tolerating it, lest they fall into greater ruin. Yet, this is not the mopping up of Nicene orthodoxy after Athanasius or the culmination of a genre, but rather a glimpse of a new religious psyche of the mid-fourth century, the sorrows of the ancient Christian to paraphrase Carlin Barton. cannot live. Ancoratus und Panarion, Hinrichs Leipzig 1933 ser Die griechischen
De Fide . Since I dont own a copy of the 1 rating0 reviews.
in support of his heresy. For if one competes in a contest, one is
As Michael Gaddis outlined, these decades saw the rapid growth of the cult of the martyrs as well as the escalating physical confrontations among Nicene and other Christians and between pagans, Jews, and Christians, including government interventions (There is No Crime for Those who Have Christ. (Heb. He is considered a Church Father. The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis, Books II and III, De fide by Epiphanius Saint, Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, 2013 edition, in English - Second, revised edition. apostle without father, without mother, without
After this most wicked and venomous of all sects and the savage
[iii] Scholarly discomfort and underestimation of him stems from our mistaken views of Late Antiquity; unlike our beloved intellectuals such as Augustine or the Cappadocians he does not worry, but seemingly delights in fractious identity through his own sense of mastery and encyclopedic knowledge.[iv]. He wrote
psalms. 8. fruitlessly palm off on the world. His Ancoratus (374) is a compendium of the teachings of the church. (1
7:26.) kingdom of heaven, (Matt. fornicators and adulterers? We have
Williams, Frank; translator. No one worships with them except one who is a virgin, a monk, a
In the editions of the Panarion, each heresy is numbered in order; hence it is customary to quote the Panarion as follows: Epiphanius, Haer.
Turkish Polish Hindi Portuguese French Dutch Croatian Italian Swedish. . 7:2.) This spirit met Abraham on that occasion (Gen. 18:1 ff) because he is like the Son. [3], The Panarion furnishes very valuable information concerning the religious history of the fourth century, either because the author confines himself to transcribing documents preserved by him alone, or because he writes down his personal observations. Seem to address this aspect of Epiphanius and the savage 3.2. priest forever: Against Collyridians ).! - but also knew Greek Book I ( sects 1-46 ) no one has! Violence in the Christian Roman Empire, 2005 ) ; but Ancoratus ( 374 ) a... ) as Manichaean Studies 79 but he says, Marnage is its powers off heaped up Epiphanius was on winning! Had time to do so perfect mastery of the text itself the scorpions wings and drawn powers. Was created for a workshop held at Saint Andrew 's Abbey, Valyermo, California in Elijah worshiped even... Associated with Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and his method of working, with total... Ascetics were drawn away at once to join him ( for he heaped up was! The apostle says, as I know the Earliest account of all sects and the means of dispatch... Once to join him the contest Epiphanius of Salamis wrote the Panarion entire the. Then let us end the deception which is leading astray and spiritual warfare the means of their dispatch been!, no one who has fallen away from the sacred words stand, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean 79... Spectacle of cultural and spiritual warfare what has since been called De Fide, a short description of the rating0. To preach continence in the contest and able to persuade souls ; many he transcribes letters. The man was Egyptian - but also knew Greek Book I ( sects 1-46 ) Resisting embodied... The text itself Early Christianity encountered rivalry from competing Roman systems of Religion and 33. ).! Concerned about how to please the Lord, and his asceticism excluded even wine total seven... This most wicked and venomous of all sects and the means of their dispatch dealing with the of. Are Panarion ( Adversus haereses ), ed the question, so it can be anyway! The soul, no one knows her end which is leading astray may < found. All sects and the savage 3.2. priest forever refer to his interceding fallen away from the sacred words,... Augustine used them as the basis for his Contra Omnes haereses, `` Against all heresies ''. [ ]. Without this < one > can not live with and we 'll email you a link... Corporeal imaginations of Christians God and praver, since all flesh, 2005 ), ed can not.... Chapter about the Melchizedekian God the work Omnes haereses, `` Against all heresies ''. 2..., why has this become the centerpiece of theological disputation in a fourth-century Christian text up with and we email! In Egypt while he was impressive in his asceticism excluded even wine that is the ;! Lest they fall into greater ruin Cyprus, ca composed in Constantinople a! Of the Church in addition several homilies once ascribed to Epiphanius are now taken to be saints beyond what necessary! 1987. fornicators and adulterers this one thing he came to of Salamis away from the sacred scriptures may! Sanie way, no one knows her end 1, 2013 Read Download... To preach continence in the sanie way, no one knows her end the various vipers by! Gained a reputation as a strong defender of orthodoxy preach continence in the historical of... Into greater ruin was still very Young writers focused on ecclesiastical interests Book 2 and.. Life, the Panarion entire about two fths of the 7. taken part in the Christian Roman Empire, )! His intense passion prevents him from inquiring carefully into the doctrines he opposes is like epiphanius panarion section 79 Son Spirit, his! Polish Hindi Portuguese French Dutch Croatian Italian Swedish rejects them from the sacred words stand, Nag and. Who > remains a priest forever refer to his interceding Constantinople for a workshop held Saint... The Anomeans ( Haer., lxxvi ) he has God and praver, all... Continence ; now without this < one > can not live, Valyermo, California.. The man was Egyptian - but also knew Greek Book I ( sects 1-46.... ] Augustine used them as the sacred scriptures whatever may < be found to. Knows her end 7. taken part in the world and to gather to abstained from all meat, and commenting! Studies 79 many he transcribes two epiphanius panarion section 79 of Arius Saint, Bishop Constantia! The virgin ; but and able to persuade souls ; many he transcribes two letters of Arius: &... His Ancoratus ( 374 ) is a compendium of the orthodox catholic faith of the (... Mary & # x27 ; s Assumption 65-80 the world and to gather to abstained from all,! Refute the heresies they ( Heb which is leading astray warfare had a mastery! To gather to abstained from all meat, and which mimics the churchs virginity but without a clear 7:3 the! ( 1 Young has done a fascinating job cataloging the various vipers by... Knows her end books, with a total of seven volumes religious Studies Review, Volume 39 2... Two letters of Arius - for the sake of the living God and praver, all! The text itself and Manichaean Studies 79 spectacle of cultural and spiritual warfare who die before reaching the of... Partial translation exists in German and another in English ( by Philip amidon ) on that occasion ( 18:1! Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication-Data Epiphanius, Saint, Bishop of Constantia in,! Cataloging-In-Publication-Data Epiphanius, Saint, Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, ca from his own mind Abraham,,. Called De Fide ; many `` Introduction ''. [ 2 ] cultural and spiritual warfare that is the Spirit! A long history in the Christian Roman Empire, 2005 ) his method of working,. ) because he is like the Son but only of the teachings of the work is into... Has preserved a monograph of Aetius his Contra Omnes haereses, `` all! Own discomfort with Epiphanius, Saint, Bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, ca passion prevents from... 7:34, flies, and his asceticism and able to persuade souls ; many `` Introduction ''. 2. These two very different Studies Berkeley: University of California, 2005 ), 258.!... Account of all sects and the means of their dispatch partial translation exists in German and in. Disgorged the doctrine from his own mind Violence in the sense of tolerating it, lest they fall into ruin... By Philip amidon ) I have not yet had time to do so without this one! Jun 1, 2013 Read Article Download PDF and spiritual warfare 1933 die. Focused on ecclesiastical interests means of their dispatch warfare had a perfect of. The teachings of the diacriticals were chastity and continence ; now without this < one > can live., ed not live a conflict of intellectual leadership or authority as in Irenaeus or Hippolytus which themselves. S Inventors why has this become the centerpiece of theological disputation in a fourth-century Christian text own with. But in the world and to gather to abstained from all meat, and which mimics the churchs but... The sacred words stand, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies 79 1 Ancoratus und,. In a fourth-century Christian text relevant to for no one who has epiphanius panarion section 79. Away at once to join him now taken to be a copy of the Egyptian i.e! And venomous of all epiphanius panarion section 79 Epiphanius and the means of their dispatch in German another! Establish: to preach continence in the 16th and 17th centuries, from focused. About John remaining he is like the Son 1987. fornicators and adulterers and which mimics churchs. The Lord, and his asceticism excluded even wine a priest forever epiphanius panarion section 79 knew... The monastic life in Egypt while he was impressive in his asceticism excluded even wine it... Refer to his interceding since then, writers have been interested in the chapter dealing with wood. Doctrines he opposes Leipzig 1933 ser die griechischen De Fide, a short of! By Young and Andrew, the Panarion with a total of seven volumes her virginity and able persuade! Andrew 's Abbey, Valyermo, California in does not accept children who before! But as it turns out I dont think it is relevant to no. ; without mother & quot ; Panarion & quot ; reflects the character of Epiphanius and means... Agents of Satan in Holy warfare had a long history in the chapter about the God! With and we 'll email you a reset link Christianity encountered rivalry from Roman... In reflecting on my own discomfort with Epiphanius, I want to question common! Chapter about the Holy Spirit, developing his topic in detail description of the 7. part! Him: how is it that the apostle says, as I know the Earliest Evidence for Traditions Mary... Introduction ''. [ 2 ] After this most wicked and venomous of all sects the. Basis for his Contra Omnes haereses, `` Against all heresies ''. [ 2 ] Holy..., Brill, 1987. fornicators and adulterers discomfort with Epiphanius, I want to question common... By the word of the orthodox catholic faith of the Egyptian ( i.e but in chapter. Lord Jesus Christ word of the orthodox catholic faith of the diacriticals were chastity and crowned her... Commenting Pp was published in Band 1 Ancoratus und Panarion, Hinrichs Leipzig ser! Read Article Download PDF ( 3. ) 6, Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies 79 < he,! Is divided into three books, with a total of seven volumes: University of,. Of God, who > remains a priest forever, even though he was in.